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distribute electricity demand by JRC energy atlas #1829

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distribute electricity demand by JRC energy atlas
fneum Sep 8, 2025
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[pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks
pre-commit-ci[bot] Sep 8, 2025
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions config/config.default.yaml
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Expand Up @@ -381,6 +381,7 @@ load:
scaling_factor: 1.0
fixed_year: false
supplement_synthetic: true
substation_only: true
distribution_key:
gdp: 0.6
population: 0.4
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions doc/configtables/load.csv
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Expand Up @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ manual_adjustments,bool,"{true, false}","Whether to adjust the load data manuall
scaling_factor,--,float,"Global correction factor for the load time series."
fixed_year,--,Year or False,"To specify a fixed year for the load time series that deviates from the snapshots' year"
supplement_synthetic,bool,"{true, false}","Whether to supplement missing data for selected time period should be supplemented by synthetic data from https://zenodo.org/records/10820928."
substation_only,bool,"{true, false}","Whether to only consider substations for the spatial disaggregation of the per-country electricity demand data."
distribution_key,--,--,"Distribution key for spatially disaggregating the per-country electricity demand data."
-- gdp,float,"[0, 1]","Weighting factor for the GDP data in the distribution key."
-- population,float,"[0, 1]","Weighting factor for the population data in the distribution key."
23 changes: 22 additions & 1 deletion doc/data-retrieval.rst
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Expand Up @@ -249,4 +249,25 @@ Data in this section is retrieved and extracted in rules specified in ``rules/re
- **Source:** European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) and European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG)
- **Link:** https://2024.entsos-tyndp-scenarios.eu/download/
- **License:** CC-BY 4.0
- **Description:** Contains the node list and the reference grids from the Ten-Year Network Development Plan (TYNDP) 2024.
- **Description:** Contains the node list and the reference grids from the Ten-Year Network Development Plan (TYNDP) 2024.

``data/demand-distribution/electricity_tot_demand_2019.tif``

- **Source:** JRC Energy Atlas
- **Link:** https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EIGL-Data/RASTER/ and https://energy-industry-geolab.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energy-atlas/
- **License:** CC-BY 4.0 (https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EIGL-Data/RASTER/copyright.txt)
- **Description:** Contains 1km by 1km raster data of annual electricity demand per EU country.

``data/demand-distribution/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx`
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Missing closing backtick for the filename. Should end with two backticks: data/demand-distribution/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx

Suggested change
``data/demand-distribution/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx`
``data/demand-distribution/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx``

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- **Source:** UK Government, Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
- **Link:** https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/regional-and-local-authority-electricity-consumption-statistics
- **License:** Open Government Licence v3.0 (https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/)
- **Description:** Contains subnational electricity consumption statistics from 2005 to 2023.

``data/Local_Authority_Districts_May_2024_Boundaries__UK_BSC.geojson``

- **Source:** UK Office for National Statistics
- **Link:** https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/ons::local-authority-districts-may-2024-boundaries-uk-bsc-2/about
- **License:** Open Government Licence v.3.0 (https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/)
- **Description:** Contains shapefiles of local authorities in the United Kingdom.
11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions doc/release_notes.rst
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Expand Up @@ -46,6 +46,17 @@ Upcoming Release
* Fix `retrieve_eurostat_data` and `retrieve_eurostat_household_data` on Windows by avoiding a double access to a temporary file.
(https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur/pull/1825)

* Distributing country-level electricity demand time series to subnational model
regions of EU countries now uses data from the `JRC Energy Atlas
<https://energy-industry-geolab.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energy-atlas>`__. This
dataset provides electricity consumption on a 1km by 1km raster for the year,
which is more accurate than the previous NUTS3-based distribution. Another
dataset is used for Great Britain from the `Department for Energy Security and
Net Zero
<https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/regional-and-local-authority-electricity-consumption-statistics>`__.
Other non-EU countries still use NUTS3-based distribution keys from GDP and
population.
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Trailing whitespace after period should be removed.

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population.
population.

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PyPSA-Eur v2025.07.0 (11th July 2025)
=====================================

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16 changes: 16 additions & 0 deletions doc/retrieve.rst
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Expand Up @@ -108,6 +108,22 @@ None.

- ``data/electricity_demand_raw.csv``

Rule ``retrieve_electricity_demand_energy_atlas``
=================================================

This rule downloads 1km by 1km raster of estimated annual electricity demand from the `JRC Energy Atlas <https://energy-industry-geolab.jrc.ec.europa.eu/energy-atlas/>`__ .

Rule ``retrieve_electricity_demand_subnational_gb``
===================================================

This rule downloads subnational electricity consumption data for Great Britain from the `Department for Energy Security and Net Zero <https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/regional-and-local-authority-electricity-consumption-statistics>`__ .

Rule ``retrieve_local_authorities_uk``
======================================

This rule downloads shapefiles of local authorities in the United Kingdom from the `Office for National Statistics <https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/datasets/ons::local-authority-districts-may-2024-boundaries-uk-bsc-2/about>`__ .


Rule ``retrieve_tyndp_bundle``
=========================================

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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions envs/environment.yaml
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Expand Up @@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ dependencies:
- cartopy
- descartes
- rasterio
- rasterstats

# Development dependencies
- jupyter
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4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions rules/build_electricity.smk
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Expand Up @@ -533,9 +533,13 @@ def input_class_regions(w):
rule build_electricity_demand_base:
params:
distribution_key=config_provider("load", "distribution_key"),
substation_only=config_provider("load", "substation_only"),
input:
base_network=resources("networks/base_s.nc"),
regions=resources("regions_onshore_base_s.geojson"),
raster="data/demand-distribution/electricity_tot_demand_2019.tif",
gb_excel="data/demand-distribution/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx",
gb_geojson="data/Local_Authority_Districts_May_2024_Boundaries__UK_BSC.geojson",
nuts3=resources("nuts3_shapes.geojson"),
load=resources("electricity_demand.csv"),
output:
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56 changes: 56 additions & 0 deletions rules/retrieve.smk
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Expand Up @@ -262,6 +262,62 @@ if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:
move(input[0], output[0])


if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:

rule retrieve_electricity_demand_energy_atlas:
input:
storage(
"https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/EIGL-Data/RASTER/electricity_tot_demand_2019.tif",
),
output:
"data/demand-distribution/electricity_tot_demand_2019.tif",
log:
"logs/retrieve_electricity_demand_energy_atlas.log",
resources:
mem_mb=5000,
retries: 2
run:
move(input[0], output[0])


if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:

rule retrieve_electricity_demand_subnational_gb:
input:
storage(
"https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6762951abe7b2c675de30705/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx",
),
output:
"data/demand-distribution/Subnational_electricity_consumption_statistics_2005-2023.xlsx",
log:
"logs/retrieve_electricity_demand_subnational_gb.log",
resources:
mem_mb=5000,
retries: 2
run:
move(input[0], output[0])


if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:

rule retrieve_local_authorities_uk:
output:
"data/Local_Authority_Districts_May_2024_Boundaries__UK_BSC.geojson",
run:
import requests

url = "https://services1.arcgis.com/ESMARspQHYMw9BZ9/arcgis/rest/services/Local_Authority_Districts_May_2024_Boundaries__UK_BSC/FeatureServer/0/query"
params = {
"outFields": "*",
"where": "1=1",
"f": "geojson",
}
response = requests.get(url, params=params)
with open(output[0], "wb") as f:
f.write(response.content)



if config["enable"]["retrieve"]:

rule retrieve_ship_raster:
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