Add ShiftRegister74HC595Helper for SPI-based shift register control

pi4micronaut-utils/src/main/java/com/opensourcewithslu/outputdevices/ShiftRegister74HC595Helper.java

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+package com.opensourcewithslu.outputdevices;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import com.pi4j.io.spi.Spi;
+
+/**
+ * Helper for controlling a 74HC595 shift register over SPI (Pi4J).
+ *
+ * Provides simple operations to write a full byte to the shift register,
+ * set or clear individual output bits, clear the register,
+ * and read the last written state. All SPI communication is performed using
+ * the provided {@link com.pi4j.io.spi.Spi} instance.
+ *
+ * The helper maintains an internal state byte reflecting the last value
+ * written to the device.
+ *
+ */
+public class ShiftRegister74HC595Helper {
+
+    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiftRegister74HC595Helper.class);
+    private final Spi spi;
+    private byte state = 0x00;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new ShiftRegister74HC595Helper with the specified SPI interface.
+     *
+     * Initializes the helper with a clean state (0x00) and sets up logging.
+     *
+     * 
+     * @param spi the SPI interface to use for communication with the shift register
+     * @throws NullPointerException if spi is null
+     */
+    public ShiftRegister74HC595Helper(Spi spi) {
+        this.spi = Objects.requireNonNull(spi, "spi must not be null");
+        log.info("74HC595 helper initialized; state=0x00");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shifts out a byte value to the 74HC595 shift register via SPI.
+     *
+     * This method writes the specified byte value to the shift register and
+     * updates the internal state tracking. The operation is logged for debugging.
+     *
+     * @param value the byte value to shift out to the register
+     * @throws IOException if the SPI write operation fails
+     */
+    public void shiftOut(byte value) throws IOException {
+        try {
+            spi.write(value); 
+            this.state = value;
+            log.info("Shifted out 0x{}", toHex(this.state));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            String msg = String.format("SPI write failed for 0x%s: %s", toHex(value), e.getMessage());
+            log.error(msg, e);
+            throw new IOException(msg, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clears the shift register by setting all outputs to LOW (0x00).
+     *
+     * This is equivalent to calling {@code shiftOut((byte) 0x00)}.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException if the SPI write operation fails
+     */
+    public void clear() throws IOException {
+        shiftOut((byte) 0x00); 
+        log.info("Shift register cleared");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets or clears a specific bit in the shift register.
+     *
+     * This method modifies the internal state by setting or clearing the specified
+     * bit index (0-7), then shifts out the updated state to the register.
+     *
+     * @param bitIndex the index of the bit to modify (0-7, where 0 is LSB)
+     * @param value {@code true} to set the bit to HIGH, {@code false} to set to LOW
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if bitIndex is not in the range 0-7
+     * @throws IOException if the SPI write operation fails
+     */
+    public void setBit(int bitIndex, boolean value) throws IOException {
+        if (bitIndex < 0 || bitIndex > 7) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("bitIndex must be 0..7; got " + bitIndex);
+        }
+        if (value) {
+            state |= (1 << bitIndex); 
+        } else {
+            state &= ~(1 << bitIndex);
+        }
+        shiftOut(state);
+        log.info("Bit {} set to {}", bitIndex, value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clears (sets to LOW) a specific bit in the shift register.
+     *
+     * This is a convenience method equivalent to calling {@code setBit(bitIndex, false)}.
+     *
+     * @param bitIndex the index of the bit to clear (0-7, where 0 is LSB)
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if bitIndex is not in the range 0-7
+     * @throws IOException if the SPI write operation fails
+     */
+    public void clearBit(int bitIndex) throws IOException {
+        setBit(bitIndex, false);
+        log.info("Bit {} cleared", bitIndex);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the current state of the shift register.
+     *
+     * This method returns the internally tracked state without performing
+     * any SPI operations. The state reflects the last value written to
+     * the shift register.
+     *
+     * @return the current state as a byte value
+     */
+    public byte getState() {
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a byte value to its hexadecimal string representation.
+     *
+     * This is a utility method used for logging purposes to display
+     * byte values in a readable hexadecimal format.
+     *
+     * @param b the byte value to convert
+     * @return a two-character uppercase hexadecimal string representation
+     */
+    private static String toHex(byte b) {
+        return String.format("%02X", b & 0xFF);
+    }
+}

pi4micronaut-utils/src/test/java/com/opensourcewithslu/outputdevices/ShiftRegister74HC595HelperTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package com.opensourcewithslu.outputdevices;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import com.pi4j.io.spi.Spi;
+
+public class ShiftRegister74HC595HelperTest {
+
+    @Mock
+    private Spi spi;
+
+    private ShiftRegister74HC595Helper helper;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this);
+        helper = new ShiftRegister74HC595Helper(spi);
+    }
+
+   @Test
+    public void testShiftOut_ValidByte() throws IOException {
+        byte value = 0x5A;
+        helper.shiftOut(value);
+        verify(spi, times(1)).write(value);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testShiftOut_SpiException() throws IOException {
+        byte value = 0x5A;
+        doThrow(new RuntimeException("SPI error")).when(spi).write(value);
+        IOException exception = assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> helper.shiftOut(value));
+        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains("SPI write failed"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testClear() throws IOException {
+        helper.clear();
+        verify(spi, times(1)).write((byte) 0x00);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSetBit_ValidIndex() throws IOException {
+        helper.setBit(3, true);
+        verify(spi, times(1)).write((byte) 0x08);
+        helper.setBit(3, false);
+        verify(spi, times(1)).write((byte) 0x00);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSetBit_InvalidIndex() {
+        IllegalArgumentException exception = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> helper.setBit(8, true));
+        assertEquals("bitIndex must be 0..7; got 8", exception.getMessage());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testClearBit() throws IOException {
+        helper.setBit(2, true); // Set bit 2 first
+        verify(spi, times(1)).write((byte) 0x04);
+        helper.clearBit(2);
+        verify(spi, times(1)).write((byte) 0x00);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetState() throws IOException {
+        assertEquals(0x00, helper.getState());
+        helper.setBit(1, true);
+        assertEquals(0x02, helper.getState());
+    }
+
+}