bitcoin-core: use lld to work around link failures

[fanquake]

See
https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/log-08166704-3ba3-406e-9e55-637c906d1fd2.txt:

Step #3 - "compile-afl-address-x86_64": `.text.asan.module_dtor.124671' referenced in section `.fini_array.1[asan.module_dtor.124671]' of /tmp/lto-llvm-b064c1.o: defined in discarded section `.text.asan.module_dtor.124671[asan.module_dtor]' of /tmp/lto-llvm-b064c1.o
Step #3 - "compile-afl-address-x86_64": clang++: �[0;1;31merror: �[0m�[1mlinker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)�[0m
Step #3 - "compile-afl-address-x86_64": make[2]: *** [src/test/fuzz/CMakeFiles/fuzz.dir/build.make:2268: bin/fuzz] Error 1
Step #3 - "compile-afl-address-x86_64": make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:854: src/test/fuzz/CMakeFiles/fuzz.dir/all] Error 2
Step #3 - "compile-afl-address-x86_64": make: *** [Makefile:91: all] Error 2

Closes bitcoin/bitcoin#33366.

[fanquake]

cc @dergoegge @maflcko

[github-actions]

fanquake (verified) is either the primary contact or is in the CCs list of projects/bitcoin-core.

[fanquake]

32-bit build is unhappy with lld:

 /src/bitcoin-core/depends/sources/boost-1.88.0-cmake.tar.gz: OK
Preprocessing boost...
patching file libs/test/CMakeLists.txt
Configuring boost...
-- The CXX compiler identification is Clang 22.0.0
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - failed
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/local/bin/clang++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/local/bin/clang++ - broken
CMake Error at /usr/local/share/cmake-3.29/Modules/CMakeTestCXXCompiler.cmake:60 (message):
  The C++ compiler

    "/usr/local/bin/clang++"

  is not able to compile a simple test program.

  It fails with the following output:

    Change Dir: '/src/bitcoin-core/depends/work/build/i386-linux-gnu/boost/1.88.0-0508c2db01f/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-37TVuT'
    
    Run Build Command(s): /usr/local/bin/cmake -E env VERBOSE=1 /usr/bin/make -f Makefile cmTC_2e67f/fast
    make[1]: Entering directory '/src/bitcoin-core/depends/work/build/i386-linux-gnu/boost/1.88.0-0508c2db01f/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-37TVuT'
    /usr/bin/make  -f CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/build
    make[2]: Entering directory '/src/bitcoin-core/depends/work/build/i386-linux-gnu/boost/1.88.0-0508c2db01f/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-37TVuT'
    Building CXX object CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/testCXXCompiler.cxx.o
    /usr/local/bin/clang++ --target=i386-linux-gnu   -D_LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE=_LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE_DEBUG -DBOOST_MULTI_INDEX_ENABLE_SAFE_MODE  -I/src/bitcoin-core/depends/i386-linux-gnu/include     -m32 -O1   -fno-omit-frame-pointer   -gline-tables-only   -Wno-error=incompatible-function-pointer-types   -Wno-error=int-conversion   -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations   -Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration   -Wno-error=implicit-int   -Wno-error=unknown-warning-option   -Wno-error=vla-cxx-extension   -DFUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION -fsanitize=address -fsanitize-address-use-after-scope -fsanitize=fuzzer-no-link -stdlib=libc++  -pipe -std=c++20  -fPIE -MD -MT CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/testCXXCompiler.cxx.o -MF CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/testCXXCompiler.cxx.o.d -o CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/testCXXCompiler.cxx.o -c /src/bitcoin-core/depends/work/build/i386-linux-gnu/boost/1.88.0-0508c2db01f/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-37TVuT/testCXXCompiler.cxx
    Linking CXX executable cmTC_2e67f
    /usr/local/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
    /usr/local/bin/clang++ --target=i386-linux-gnu -D_LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE=_LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE_DEBUG -DBOOST_MULTI_INDEX_ENABLE_SAFE_MODE  -I/src/bitcoin-core/depends/i386-linux-gnu/include     -m32 -O1   -fno-omit-frame-pointer   -gline-tables-only   -Wno-error=incompatible-function-pointer-types   -Wno-error=int-conversion   -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations   -Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration   -Wno-error=implicit-int   -Wno-error=unknown-warning-option   -Wno-error=vla-cxx-extension   -DFUZZING_BUILD_MODE_UNSAFE_FOR_PRODUCTION -fsanitize=address -fsanitize-address-use-after-scope -fsanitize=fuzzer-no-link -stdlib=libc++  -pipe -std=c++20  -fuse-ld=lld  -L/src/bitcoin-core/depends/i386-linux-gnu/lib  CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/testCXXCompiler.cxx.o -o cmTC_2e67f
    ld.lld: error: unable to find library -lc++
    clang++: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
    make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/cmTC_2e67f.dir/build.make:100: cmTC_2e67f] Error 1
    make[2]: Leaving directory '/src/bitcoin-core/depends/work/build/i386-linux-gnu/boost/1.88.0-0508c2db01f/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-37TVuT'
    make[1]: *** [Makefile:127: cmTC_2e67f/fast] Error 2
    make[1]: Leaving directory '/src/bitcoin-core/depends/work/build/i386-linux-gnu/boost/1.88.0-0508c2db01f/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeScratch/TryCompile-37TVuT'
    
  CMake will not be able to correctly generate this project.

[hebasto]

32-bit build is unhappy with lld: ...

There’s a temporary workaround proposed in #14015.