feature: improve async / executor functionality

[ahgraber]

• refactor: move is_event_loop_running and as_completed to async_utils
  This helps separate async features from executor and engine modules, and will prevent circular imports in these modules.
• feat: add ProgressBarManager for enhanced progress tracking
  Introduces a new ProgressBarManager class to manage progress bars for both batch and non-batch execution. This includes methods for creating single and nested progress bars, as well as updating batch progress bars, improving user experience during long-running tasks.
• feat: refactor async utilities for improved functionality
  • Refactored run function from repeated async, executor, and engine logic.
  • Changed as_completed from async to a regular function for better compatibility.
  • Added process_futures to handle futures with optional progress tracking.
• feat: enhance async task management with ProgressBarManager
  • Refactored Executor to utilize new async_utils and ProgressBarManager for improved composition
  • Refactored run_async_tasks to utilize ProgressBarManager for improved progress tracking.
  • Modified tests to validate the new behavior functions
• feat: enhance Executor with job indexing and exception handling
  • Introduced a locking mechanism to ensure thread-safe job processing.
  • Added _jobs_processed attribute to maintain consistent job indexing across multiple runs.
  • Implemented clear_jobs method to reset job indices.
  • Updated tests to verify exception handling and job indexing after clearing jobs.
  • Adjusted Jupyter notebook tests for consistency in results retrieval.
• feat: update engine's apply_transformations to recursively process nested Transformation or Parallel procedures
  • The apply_transforms() function has been updated to handle different types of transformations recursively:
    If transforms is a list, it recursively applies each transform in the list.
    If transforms is a Parallel instance, it recursively applies the transformations contained within the Parallel object.
    If transforms is a BaseGraphTransformation, it generates an execution plan (a list of coroutines), gets a description, and then runs the coroutines asynchronously using run_async_tasks().
    If transforms is none of the above, it raises a ValueError indicating an invalid type.
  • Move apply_nest_asyncio to async_utils for better organization
  • Updated the Parallel class to support transformations with improved type hints.
  • Added unit tests
• chore: use Sequence over List for type checking improvements; add debug logging

[ahgraber]

I know this one is a big review - everything's interrelated enough that I had a hard time splitting it up, but I could try to refactor into smaller pulls if necessary.