feat(clis,filler): Add trace types to allow trace analysis and gas optimizations

[marioevz]

🗒️ Description

Introduces a new flag to the test filler that allows re-running the specified tests with lower gas limits to find the lowest value which still produces the same test output, result, and the exact same traces.

- Trace Types (efdf63a)

Introduces trace types to use pydantic to parse the traces from the transition tool.

The types accept the formats used in evmone and execution-specs, and account for their slight differences.

They also implement "equivalence" check methods that compare two different traces:

• The trace lines are compared and always expected to be equal.
• For each trace line, values including the program counter, the gas cost, the memory size, the stack, depth, refund, opcode name and errors, are compared and expected to be exactly equal.
• The remaining gas value is ignored with the reasoning that the remaining gas depends on the gas limit, and therefore changing it in the slightest would result in two traces that are impossible to compare.
• A "post-processing" mode can be included where the top stack element is ignored if the previous opcode is the Op.GAS, which allows more flexibility because most tests only use Op.GAS to use it for a Op.CALL*.

Downsides:

• If the gas stack value produced by the Op.GAS opcode is not consumed in the very next operation, the value propagates and the post processing is ineffective, but this should not be a big issue since most tests that use the gas opcode will consume it immediately on the next CALL* opcode.

- Gas optimization in state tests (7b1d0bd)

Implements a procedure to find the minimum gas-limit value where the test still works and yields the same result and traces.

The algorithm works as follows:

• Execute the test with the current gas limit specified in the test.
• Reduce the gas limit by one, re-execute the test: if the runs are still equivalent proceed, otherwise abort and deem the test impossible to lower its gas.
• Perform a binary search by lowering the gas by half, re-executing the test, if the test fails set the new minimum to the last gas limit value plus 1, if the test passes set the new maximum to the last gas limit value.
• Iterate until the difference between the minimum and maximum is zero, or the minimum is higher than 16,777,216

- Fill command's flags to enable and configure optimize-gas feature (d178bdb)

Flags --optimize-gas, --optimize-gas-output and --optimize-gas-post-processing are added to the fill command to enable and configure this new feature.

- modify_static_test_gas_limits.py command (dc4c5fc)

It's a simple command to take the output from the fill's optimize-gas mode and apply it to static tests.

The command has a dry-run mode and aborts if the static test contains more than one gas value, in order to not override incorrect values.

🔗 Related Issues or PRs

N/A.

✅ Checklist

• All: Ran fast tox checks to avoid unnecessary CI fails, see also Code Standards and Enabling Pre-commit Checks:

  uvx --with=tox-uv tox -e lint,typecheck,spellcheck,markdownlint

• All: PR title adheres to the repo standard - it will be used as the squash commit message and should start type(scope):.
• All: Considered adding an entry to CHANGELOG.md.
• All: Considered updating the online docs in the ./docs/ directory.
• All: Set appropriate labels for the changes (only maintainers can apply labels).
• Tests: Ran mkdocs serve locally and verified the auto-generated docs for new tests in the Test Case Reference are correctly formatted.
• Tests: For PRs implementing a missed test case, update the post-mortem document to add an entry the list.
• Ported Tests: All converted JSON/YML tests from ethereum/tests or tests/static have been assigned @ported_from marker.

[felix314159]

Can you make it so that it logs into the terminal which optimize-gas-output file has been created? E.g. if i run uv run fill --optimize-gas ./tests/static/state_tests/stRandom/randomStatetest137Filler.json --clean --fill-static-tests --evm-bin=evmone-t8n i get no indication in the terminal that --optimize-gas has done anything. It would be better if above or below the Generated html report line in similar fashion would show sth like Generated optimize-gas-output.json (or whatever name was specified): <path to file>

[felix314159]

Maybe I missed sth but from the output of the resulting optimize-gas-output.json file I can't tell whether the test is currently using the optimal gas limit or not. Is this intended? You probably then also have a separate script (not in this PR) which runs over this json file, compares it with the actual gas limit currently used in the test and then updates the test to use the determined minimal value? Maybe this question will be answered when im done with this PR and read through 1980

[felix314159]

When I run uv run fill --optimize-gas ./tests/static/state_tests/stRandom/randomStatetest135Filler.json --clean --fill-static-tests --evm-bin=evmone-t8n I get 2 failed with Exception: Impossible to compare. But from the error message alone it not clear what caused this problem. We should adjust the exception message so that it is clear that the error only occurred because --optimize-gas was toggled

[felix314159]

Great future with a few rough edges, ty for taking the time to make this and sorry for the email spam :)