chore: Update Annotation to Python 3.12

[vukosavljevicNatalija]

Task

• Update Annotation to Python 3.12.

Action

• Upgraded Python version in pyproject.toml, along with the upgrade of some dependencies as a result of this change.
• Most changes in the code were caused by upgrading Pydantic to v2. The bump-pydantic tool was run to assist the conversion from v1 to v2. However, some changes needed to be performed manually due to issues like this one: pydantic/bump-pydantic#134. Afterward, the code that was using Pydantic schemas was adapted to Pydantic v2.
  Additionally, some issues occurred with numeric constraints when updating to the Pydantic version, and these issues were resolved by using Annotated pydantic-constraint.
• Regarding FastAPI, versions starting from v0.109.0 have an issue with the root_path parameter. More information can be found in this closed PR. Additionally, there were issues with TestClient that can be solved by using the bump-testclient package.
• Dev dependencies such as flake8, black, and isort were updated to match the project’s pyproject.toml. Also, moto was updated because the previous version had issues with SSL.
• The Annotation Dockerfile, pre-commit hooks, and GitHub Actions file were updated to adapt to Python 3.12.
  Furthermore, isort command in Annotation .pre-commit hook was updated to use Annotation folder as a source.
• Corrected the datetime format from the frontend side for the "Create Task" endpoint in the Jobs tab. The previous datetime format functioned due to less strict criteria in earlier versions of Pydantic. More information about the expected datetime.datetime field format can be found pydatic-datetime.
• The SQLAlchemy bulk_insert_mappings method was replaced with the bulk ORM insert feature insert due to issues issue in earlier versions of SQLAlchemy 2.*. Additionally, this method is deprecated and will be removed in future versions.

[Copilot]

Pull Request Overview

This PR upgrades the Annotation service to Python 3.12 and adapts the code to work with Pydantic v2 along with updating dependencies and tooling. Key changes include:

• Replacing Pydantic v1 methods (.dict()) with their v2 equivalents (.model_dump()), and updating validators to use model_validator.
• Updating SQLAlchemy bulk insert methods, dependency header examples, and various schema field definitions to use the new “examples” syntax.
• Bumping dependency versions in the Dockerfile, pre-commit hooks, and GitHub Actions workflow.

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 36 out of 36 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
annotation/annotation/tasks/services.py	Converted schema dumping methods and replaced bulk insert mappings with the ORM insert feature.
annotation/annotation/resources.py, schemas, categories, jobs, annotations	Updated header and field example parameters and validators to the new Pydantic v2 syntax.
annotation/Dockerfile, .pre-commit-config.yaml, .github/workflows/annotation.yml	Upgraded base images, dependency versions, and adjusted install commands for Python 3.12.