Bot Telegram-based GPS monitoring using UART communication

Theft of goods is rampant in Indonesia today because it is first influenced by economic factors, then the lack of awareness from the local community in protecting their personal belongings, thus creating opportunities for thieves to be able to act. Therefore, this project was created as an effort to improve the security of goods in close proximity. In this case, the author tries to use the UART protocol on the Arduino and Wemos side. This project has been implemented and took approximately 1 month. There are 2 types of development boards used. Arduino Pro Micro is used to hold the coordinate data obtained from the sensor, then send the coordinate data to Wemos D1 Mini using UART communication protocol: Hardware Serial. While the Wemos D1 Mini is used to accommodate coordinate data from the Arduino Pro Micro using the UART communication protocol: Software Serial. Furthermore, the raw data that has been received is processed into useful information, then sent to the Telegram Bot. This Telegram bot can respond to users if there is interaction in it. The benefit of making this project is none other than to add insight. The result of this project is that the coordinates of personal items can be monitored at any time easily and quickly only through Telegram Bot, so that existing items will not be easily stolen.

Project Requirements

Part	Description
Development Board	• Arduino Pro Micro Leonardo ATMEGA32U4 • Wemos D1 Mini
Code Editor	Arduino IDE
Application Support	Telegram Bot
Driver	CH340 USB Driver
Communications Protocol	• Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) • MTProto
IoT Architecture	3 Layer
Programming Language	C/C++
Arduino Library	• SoftwareSerial (default) • TinyGPS++ • CTBot • ArduinoJson
Sensor	GPS NEO6MV2 (x1)
Other Components	• Micro USB cable - USB type A (x1) • Jumper cable (1 set) • Li-ion battery 18650 5V (x1) • 1-Slot battery holder (x1) • Micro USB cable - 2 pin JST (x1)

Download & Install

1. Arduino IDE

   https://bit.ly/ArduinoIDE_Installer

   
   

2. CH340 USB Driver

   https://bit.ly/CH340_USBdriver

Project Designs

Infrastructure

Block Diagram	Pictorial Diagram

Wiring

Basic Knowledge

Basically, a device can be communicated with other devices either wirelessly or by cable. Communication between commonly used hardware is Serial Communication. It can be known that there are three types of Serial Communication, which include: UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter), SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), and I2C (Inter Integrated Circuit). Serial UART communication allows each device to act as a master or slave in a limited way. Master is the primary device that has full authority over the control of the Slave, while the Slave is the secondary device that is under the authority of the Master device. There are two kinds of UART Serial Communication, namely Hardware Serial and Software Serial. Hardware serial communication can be done by connecting the TX and RX pins crosswise on each development board, for example: RX-TX, then TX-RX. The TX pin is for sending data, while the RX pin is for receiving data. Serial Software Communication is more or less the same as Serial Hardware Communication in terms of cabling, but there are differences in terms of coding. By using this Serial Software you can overcome the constraints of the limitations of RX and TX pins on the development board. To communicate with this Serial Software is quite easy, namely by using certain Digital Pins as a substitute for TX pins and RX pins.

The Arduino Pro Micro has several pins that can support Software Serial which include :

Pin Name	Support
8	RX and TX
9	RX and TX
10	RX and TX
16	RX and TX
14	RX and TX
15	RX and TX
Other Digital pins	TX only

The Wemos D1 Mini has several pins that can support Software Serial which include :

Pin Name	Support
D0	TX only
D1	RX and TX
D2	RX and TX
D3	RX and TX
D4	RX and TX
D5	RX and TX
D6	RX and TX
D7	RX and TX
D8	RX and TX

Wemos D1 Mini Pinout Reference : Click Here

Arduino IDE Setup

1. Open the Arduino IDE first, then open the project by clicking File -> Open :

   • APmicro_gpstracker.ino • WD1mini_bot.ino

   
   

2. Fill in the Additional Board Manager URLs in Arduino IDE

   Click File -> Preferences -> enter the Boards Manager Url by copying the following link : http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json

   
   

3. Board Setup in Arduino IDE

   i	How to setup the Arduino Pro Micro board
   Select a board by clicking: Tools -> Board -> Arduino AVR Boards -> Arduino Micro

   
   

   ii	How to setup the Wemos D1 Mini board
   • Click Tools section -> Board -> Boards Manager -> Install esp8266. • Then selecting a board by clicking: Tools -> Board -> ESP8266 Boards -> Wemos D1 Mini.

   
   

4. Change the Board Speed in Arduino IDE

   i	How to change the speed of Arduino Pro Micro board
   Click Tools -> Upload Speed -> 9600

   
   

   ii	How to change the speed of Wemos D1 Mini board
   Click Tools -> Upload Speed -> 115200

   
   

5. Install Library in Arduino IDE

   Download all the library zip files. Then paste it in the: C:\Users\Computer_Username\Documents\Arduino\libraries

   
   

6. Port Setup in Arduino IDE

   Click Port -> Choose according to your device port (you can see in device manager)

   
   

7. Change the WiFi Name, WiFi Password, and so on according to what you are currently using.
   
   

8. Before uploading the program please click: Verify.
   
   

9. If there is no error in the program code, then please click: Upload.
   
   

10. If there is still a problem when uploading the program, then try checking the driver / port / others section.

Telegram Bot Setup

1. Open @BotFather.
   
   

2. Type /newbot.
   
   

3. Type the desired bot name, for example: personalgps_bot.
   
   

4. Type the desired bot username, for example: personalgps_bot.
   
   

5. Also do it for bot image settings, bot descriptions, and so on according to your needs.
   
   

6. Copy your telegram bot API token -> then paste it into the #define botToken "YOUR_API_BOT_TOKEN" section.

   For example : #define botToken "2006772150:AAE6Fdjk3KbiySkzV6CLbd6ClJDzgTfJ5y0"

   
   
   

Get Started

1. Download and extract this repository.
   
   

2. Make sure you have the necessary electronic components.
   
   

3. Make sure your components are designed according to the diagram.
   
   

4. Configure your device according to the settings above.
   
   

5. Please enjoy [Done].

Demonstration of Application

Via Telegram: @personalgps_bot

Highlights

GPS Device

Telegram Bot

Component Testing

You can download the component test file via the following link: Click Here

Notes

If the item is out of the range of the router, it can be completely lost. To overcome this shortcoming, you can add a GSM module that comes with a SIM card in future research.

Appreciation

If this work is useful to you, then support this work as a form of appreciation to the author by clicking the ⭐Star button at the top of the repository.

Disclaimer

This application is my own work and is not the result of plagiarism from other people's research or work, except those related to third party services which include: libraries, frameworks, and so on.

LICENSE

MIT License - Copyright © 2024 - Devan C. M. Wijaya, S.Kom

Permission is hereby granted without charge to any person obtaining a copy of this software and the software-related documentation files to deal in them without restriction, including without limitation the right to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons receiving the Software to be furnished therewith on the following terms:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice must accompany all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

IN ANY EVENT, THE AUTHOR OR COPYRIGHT HOLDER HEREIN RETAINS FULL OWNERSHIP RIGHTS. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, THEREFORE IF ANY DAMAGE, LOSS, OR OTHERWISE ARISES FROM THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE, THE AUTHOR OR COPYRIGHT HOLDER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE, AS THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE IS NOT COMPELLED AT ALL, SO THE RISK IS YOUR OWN.