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@umarprogrammer19 umarprogrammer19 commented Oct 27, 2025

Summary

This PR adds a pure-Python implementation of the A (A-star) pathfinding algorithm that works over arbitrary graphs via a neighbors(node) callback and an admissible heuristic h(node, goal). The module includes comprehensive docstrings, type hints, and doctests showing usage on a 4-connected grid with Manhattan distance. The implementation tracks g (cost-so-far), uses a min-heap priority queue for f = g + h, and reconstructs the optimal path via a parent map.*

File added

searches/astar.py (all lowercase, no spaces or dashes)

Complexity

  1. Time: Depends on heuristic quality and branching factor; worst-case comparable to Dijkstra’s on the explored subgraph.
  2. Space: O(V) over explored nodes for open/closed sets and parent/g-score maps.

Reference

A* search algorithm — (Wikipedia)
Manhattan distance (Taxicab geometry)

Describe your change:

  • Add an algorithm?
  • Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
  • Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
  • Documentation change?

Checklist:

  • I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
  • This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
  • I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
  • This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
  • All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
  • All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
  • All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
  • All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
  • All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
  • All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
  • If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added require descriptive names This PR needs descriptive function and/or variable names require tests Tests [doctest/unittest/pytest] are required labels Oct 27, 2025
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import heapq

# Type aliases for readability (PEP 585 built-in generics, PEP 604 unions)
Node = tuple[int, int]

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Node

start: Node,
goal: Node,
neighbors: NeighborsFn,
h: HeuristicFn,

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Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: h

return None


def heuristic(n: Node, goal: Node) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function heuristic

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

return abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2)


def neighbors(node: Node) -> Iterable[tuple[Node, float]]:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function neighbors

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added the awaiting reviews This PR is ready to be reviewed label Oct 27, 2025
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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

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Repository:

Python:

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NOTE: Commands are in beta and so this feature is restricted only to a member or owner of the organization.

from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable

# Type aliases (PEP 585 built-in generics, PEP 604 unions)
Node = tuple[int, int]

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

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Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Node

start: Node,
goal: Node,
neighbors: NeighborsFn,
h: HeuristicFn,

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

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Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: h

return None


def heuristic(n: Node, goal: Node) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function heuristic

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

return abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2)


def neighbors(node: Node) -> Iterable[tuple[Node, float]]:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function neighbors

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added the tests are failing Do not merge until tests pass label Oct 27, 2025
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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

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Repository:

Python:

Automated review generated by algorithms-keeper. If there's any problem regarding this review, please open an issue about it.

algorithms-keeper commands and options

algorithms-keeper actions can be triggered by commenting on this PR:

  • @algorithms-keeper review to trigger the checks for only added pull request files
  • @algorithms-keeper review-all to trigger the checks for all the pull request files, including the modified files. As we cannot post review comments on lines not part of the diff, this command will post all the messages in one comment.

NOTE: Commands are in beta and so this feature is restricted only to a member or owner of the organization.

from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable

# Type aliases (PEP 585 built-in generics, PEP 604 unions)
Node = tuple[int, int]

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Node

start: Node,
goal: Node,
neighbors: NeighborsFn,
h: HeuristicFn,

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: h

return None


def heuristic(n: Node, goal: Node) -> float:

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function heuristic

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

return abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2)


def neighbors(node: Node) -> Iterable[tuple[Node, float]]:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function neighbors

@umarprogrammer19 umarprogrammer19 changed the title Algo umar Add A* (A-star) Pathfinding Algorithm with Doctests & Type Hints Oct 27, 2025
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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

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Repository:

Python:

Automated review generated by algorithms-keeper. If there's any problem regarding this review, please open an issue about it.

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  • @algorithms-keeper review-all to trigger the checks for all the pull request files, including the modified files. As we cannot post review comments on lines not part of the diff, this command will post all the messages in one comment.

NOTE: Commands are in beta and so this feature is restricted only to a member or owner of the organization.

from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable

# Type aliases (PEP 585 built-in generics, PEP 604 unions)
Node = tuple[int, int]

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Node

start: Node,
goal: Node,
neighbors: NeighborsFn,
h: HeuristicFn,

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: h

return None


def heuristic(n: Node, goal: Node) -> float:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

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As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function heuristic

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

return abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2)


def neighbors(node: Node) -> Iterable[tuple[Node, float]]:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function neighbors

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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

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Repository:

Python:

Automated review generated by algorithms-keeper. If there's any problem regarding this review, please open an issue about it.

algorithms-keeper commands and options

algorithms-keeper actions can be triggered by commenting on this PR:

  • @algorithms-keeper review to trigger the checks for only added pull request files
  • @algorithms-keeper review-all to trigger the checks for all the pull request files, including the modified files. As we cannot post review comments on lines not part of the diff, this command will post all the messages in one comment.

NOTE: Commands are in beta and so this feature is restricted only to a member or owner of the organization.

from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable

# Type aliases (PEP 585 built-in generics, PEP 604 unions)
Node = tuple[int, int]

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Node

start: Node,
goal: Node,
neighbors: NeighborsFn,
h: HeuristicFn,

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: h

return None


def heuristic(n: Node, goal: Node) -> float:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function heuristic

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

return abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2)


def neighbors(node: Node) -> Iterable[tuple[Node, float]]:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function neighbors

@algorithms-keeper algorithms-keeper bot added tests are failing Do not merge until tests pass and removed tests are failing Do not merge until tests pass labels Oct 27, 2025
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Click here to look at the relevant links ⬇️

🔗 Relevant Links

Repository:

Python:

Automated review generated by algorithms-keeper. If there's any problem regarding this review, please open an issue about it.

algorithms-keeper commands and options

algorithms-keeper actions can be triggered by commenting on this PR:

  • @algorithms-keeper review to trigger the checks for only added pull request files
  • @algorithms-keeper review-all to trigger the checks for all the pull request files, including the modified files. As we cannot post review comments on lines not part of the diff, this command will post all the messages in one comment.

NOTE: Commands are in beta and so this feature is restricted only to a member or owner of the organization.

from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable

# Type aliases (PEP 585 built-in generics, PEP 604 unions)
Node = tuple[int, int]

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Variable and function names should follow the snake_case naming convention. Please update the following name accordingly: Node

start: Node,
goal: Node,
neighbors: NeighborsFn,
h: HeuristicFn,

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: h

return None


def heuristic(n: Node, goal: Node) -> float:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function heuristic

Please provide descriptive name for the parameter: n

return abs(x1 - x2) + abs(y1 - y2)


def neighbors(node: Node) -> Iterable[tuple[Node, float]]:

Choose a reason for hiding this comment

The reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more.

As there is no test file in this pull request nor any test function or class in the file searches/astar.py, please provide doctest for the function neighbors

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